Liquid-fuel burner



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1.

W. E. EASTMAN.

LIQUID FUEL BURNER.

No. 405,881. Patented June 25, 1889.

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(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2.

w. B. EASTMAN.

LIQUID FUEL BURNER.

No. 405,881. Patented June 25, 18 89.

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UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

\VILLIAM E. EASTMAN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE EASTMAN FREIGHT CAR HEATER COMPANY, OF PORTLAND, MAINE.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 405,881, dated June 25, 1889.

Application filed December 5, 1888. Serial No. 292,738. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM E. EASTMAN,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to the class of wickless liquid-fuel burners for giving light or heat, more particularly the latter, and used in connection with an automatic governor which regulates by expansion and contraction of some of its parts the flow of fuel, which is supplied from a reservoir either by gravity or by pressure. It is an improvement on the burner shown and described in my patent, No. 269,189, to which reference is had in connection with the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a top plan view of my improved burner. Fig. 2 is a vertical section thereof through its center. Fig. 3 shows the compound deflector. Fig. at shows the inside cylinder A, with its inclosed attached tubular casing F held in position by the braces r.

As described in my patent, cited so in this case, the liquid fuel, after having passed the governor-valve, enters the base of the burner at t and fills the annular cavity a, formed between the cylindrical parts A and B, and rising in said cavity it emerges into the oil-pan C, under the concave surface of the collar 71, where it is received upon the mat of asbestus or other absorbent non-combustible material D, where it burns in a circular or Argand flame. In my burner as heretofore used air is supplied to the outer surface of the ring of flame by the opening 0, around the outer rim of the oil-pan O, and to the inner surface of the flame by a draft of air, which passes up through the center of the burner and is deflected or directed into the flame by a concave deflector.

My present invention consists in an improved construction, whereby an additional current of air is supplied to the inside surface of the flame at a point to render the com- ...blast by the heat of the pan.

bustionv more complete, thereby avoiding smoke and producing a hotter fire, as herein after more fully set forth.

The top casing of the heater, which is in construction the same as that shown in the patent cited, and which I have not deemed it necessary to show here, acts as a chimney for draft and fits around the periphery of the casting B, to which it is secured by bolts passing through the ears Z), or in any other suitable manner. For heating purposes it is made of metal; but for lighting a part of it may be of transparent material, as glass or mica. Air for the outside of the flame enters numerous openings b through the body of the piece B, entering a circular chamber (1, beneath the oil-pan O, and not only cools the oil-pan, but is itself converted into a hot Emerging through the opening 0, it furnishes oxygen for combustion to the outside of the Argaud flame, as explained in my patent already cited. Air for the inside of the flame enters the clear opening in the bottom of the cylindrical bed-piece A, and is divided into two currents, one passing up around the outside of the tubular casing F and the other Within said tubular casing.

The compound deflector, Fig. 3, is made up of the collar h, lower deflector c', and upper deflector E. The lower deflector t' has, as clearly shown, a tubular part c", which fits into the tubular casingF; but the compound deflector is secured to the heater by the eollar 72, fitting upon the top of the cylindrical bed-piece A, having its seat upon the shoulderj. Suitable bosses rise from the collar h, and to them is secured the defiectori by riveting or otherwise. Bosses from the deflector i receive screws which pass through the upper deflector E and secure it to the combination. The current of air passing up through the space 8 emerges through the clearpassage between collar h and deflector i and passes to the flame at its base. The other current, which passes up through the tubular casing F, rises to the deflector E, and by it is spread into a circular sheet, entering the flame at a higher point than does the current from between the collar h and deflector 1', whereby the carbon not fully burned at the base of the flame, and passing up as smoke or glowing carbon, is consumed and utilized by this second supply of air.

I find in practice a great improvement in combustion in this heater as compared with that shown in my patent cited. The flame is greatly increased in intensity and is of aclear white color. This improvement in results I ascribe to the compound deflector, or, more properly, to its action, as it enables me to supply a draft of air at the base of the flame and another at a point above the base, in-

the outer cylinder, whereby an annular chamber is formed, the latter cylinder provided near the bottom with an inlet-passage for oil and communicating with said annular passage, and near the top provided externally with an annular fuel-pan, in combination with the air-deflector consisting of three concentric deflector-plates forming annular airpassages, the inner plate supporting the outer plate, and provided with a collar or tube secured'within the inner cylinder, and the deflecting-plate secured to the upper margin of the intermediate cylinder and located below the middle plate, whereby a series of concentric air-passages are formed for the discharge of air to the fuel-pan, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM E. EASTMAN.

Witnesses:

ERos L. EASTMAN, GEO. D. WYMAN. 

